Change Detection of Vegetation Cover Using NDVI: A Case of Harispattuwa Divisional Secretariat Division in Kandy District

Abstract

The study utilizes the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to analyze changes in vegetation cover in the Harispattuwa Divisional Secretariat (DS) Division of Sri Lanka across three distinct periods 1997, 2009, and 2022. The NDVI data is complemented by in-depth spatial analysis and remote sensing techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of the ecological changes in the area. The NDVI maps related to these years reveal significant shifts in vegetation distribution and health. In 1997, the division featured abundant vegetation covering 87% of its total land area, including forests, grasslands, and dense vegetation. By 2009, urbanization and infrastructure development had led to the expansion of built-up areas and reduced green spaces. By 2022, these trends had continued, with further expansion of built-up areas and an even larger extent of barren land, suggesting changes in land use and environmental conditions. These changes are reflected in the NDVI values, which indicate the health and coverage of vegetation. The study employs NDVI value ranges established by previous research to provide a detailed assessment of different land cover types. The results show the expansion of built-up areas and a decrease in dense vegetation over the years. The study highlights the dynamic nature of the landscape of Harispattuwa DS Division, underscoring the need for ongoing monitoring and sustainable land management practices to protect the region's unique ecosystem. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing the impact of urbanization on vegetation cover and the environment. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into the evolving vegetation cover in the Harispattuwa DS Division, calling for measures to balance development with environmental preservation and sustainable land management.