Pharmacological Study on Putimutta-Bhesajja - A Cure from Buddhism for Kamala (Jaundice)

Abstract

Though its main aim is directed towards attaining Nibbana, Buddhist teachings had given great importance to the wellbeing of the individual. Medicine was included among the four main requisites of a noble life. Aim of this literature survey was to do a comparative study between Putimutta bhesajja in Vinaya Pitaka and a similar formula in the Vrihathtri of Ayurveda and to disseminate knowledge about its value in modern pharmacological aspect. Mahavagga pali, Ayurveda samhithas of Vrihathtri (Charaka Samhitha, Susrutha Samhitha, Ashtangahrida Samhitha) and internet was used to gather data. Vinaya Pitaka, books of monastic discipline mentions about “Putimutta bhesajja” was given to a monk suffering from jaundice. According to Majjgima nikaya, Samantha pasadika, Madanapaala Niganduwa Bhesajja Manjusawa, Putimutta bhesajja is prepared by immersing the fruit of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula) in Gomuthra (Cow’s urine). Putimutta bhesajja could be prepared by adding other medicine to the above mixture which is also called as Muttaharitaka. The great triad of Ayurveda also mention about usage of the above medicine in treatment of Kamala which is caused by vitiation of Pitta Dosha. Ayurveda describes Virechana as one of the therapeutic measures in treatment of Kamala. Both Haritaki and gomuthra have property of Virechana. The pharmacodynamics of Haritaki shows Shodhana, Anulomana, and Virechana guna. Gomuthra contains Agnideepana, Pachana, Virechana, Bhedana and Kapha Vata nashaka actions. According to modern scientific testimonies the pharmacological actions of these two ingredients consist of chemicals which enhance the functions of liver and other organs. Thus combination of these two is beneficial in treatment of Kamala. Giving a radical new approach through research to the prescriptions mentioned in Buddhism will certainly give a new hope for a healthier lifestyle of the mankind.