Economic Empowerment via Collective Consciousness: Achieving SDG 8 Through Rural Entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka – A Case Study of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement

Abstract

This study examines Sarvodaya’s pivotal role in promoting economic empowerment by cultivating a collective consciousness to advance Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8—decent work and economic growth—in rural Sri Lanka. Rooted in Gandhian philosophy, Sarvodaya is a grassroots movement emphasizing social cohesion, participatory development, and community self-reliance. By leveraging shared norms, values, and social bonds, Sarvodaya has historically mobilized rural communities to initiate and sustain small-scale enterprises, thereby enhancing livelihoods and reducing poverty. This research investigates how Sarvodaya’s community-driven approach nurtures the collective consciousness that underpins entrepreneurial motivation and resilience. Employing a mixed-methods case study design, data were collected through interviews, focus groups, and surveys within selected Sarvodaya-led villages across Sri Lanka. The findings reveal that Sarvodaya’s emphasis on spiritual and cultural norms fosters trust, social cohesion, and a sense of shared purpose, which collectively serve as catalysts for entrepreneurial activity. The reinforced social capital enables community members to access resources, collaborate, and innovate, leading to sustainable livelihoods and inclusive economic growth. Moreover, the study emphasizes the significance of community participation and cultural values in shaping entrepreneurial behavior that aligns with SDG 8 targets. The research contributes to understanding how grassroots movements, such as Sarvodaya, can harness collective consciousness as a strategic asset for rural development. It offers a practical framework for policymakers, development practitioners, and community organizations seeking to replicate or adapt Sarvodaya’s community-centric model to promote inclusive economic growth in similar contexts. Ultimately, the study underscores the transformative potential of social cohesion and shared norms in empowering rural entrepreneurs, fostering resilient communities, and achieving sustainable development objectives in Sri Lanka.