The Nature of Pre-school Education among Plantation Sector Children: A Study Based on Nuwaraeliya District

Abstract

Although early childhood education must be strengthened to mitigate educational backwardness within the estate community in Sri Lanka, it remains challenged by prevailing socio and economic barriers. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the nature of preschool education for children of estate workers in the Nuwaraeliya district, focusing on parental attitudes, the contribution of estate management, the adequacy of physical resources, and preschool enrollment rates. A mixed methods research design was employed for this study. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires administered to parents, while qualitative insights were gathered through interviews with teachers and officials. Furthermore, the condition of physical resources in preschools was assessed via direct observation. Using a cluster sampling technique, a sample of 150 participants and locations was selected, including estate worker parents, preschool teachers, estate management officials, and government officers. The findings indicate that while estate worker parents maintain a positive attitude toward preschool education, poverty and inadequate transportation facilities significantly hinder children's access to schooling. It was observed that the estate management's contribution is frequently restricted to the provision of buildings, resulting in a pronounced shortage of educational materials, safe drinking water, and teacher training programs. Although student registration remains high, daily attendance rates are inconsistent. The study concludes that increasing financial allocations by estate management, formally integrating estate preschools into the national education system, and upgrading infrastructure are essential steps. This research emphasizes that all stakeholders must prioritize ensuring quality early childhood education to guarantee the future success of children in the estate sector.