Abstract:
Fucoidans are biocompatible, heterogeneous, and fucose rich sulfated polysaccharides
biosynthesized in brown algae, which are renowned for their broad-spectrum biofunctional properties.
As a continuation of our preliminary screening studies, the present work was undertaken to extract
polysaccharides from the edible brown algae Sargassum polycystum by a modified enzyme assisted
extraction process using Celluclast, a food-grade cellulase, and to purify fucoidan by DEAE-cellulose
anion exchange chromatography. The apoptotic and antiproliferative properties of the purified
fucoidan (F5) were evaluated on HL-60 and MCF-7 cells. Structural features were characterized
by FTIR and NMR analysis. F5 indicated profound antiproliferative effects on HL-60 leukemia
and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 84.63 ± 0.08 μg mL−1 and 93.62 ± 3.53 μg mL−1
respectively. Further, F5 treatment increased the apoptotic body formation, DNA damage, and
accumulation of HL-60 and MCF-7 cells in the Sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. The effects were found
to proceed via the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. The Celluclast assisted extraction
is a cost-efficient method of yielding fucoidan. With further studies in place, purified fucoidan of
S. polycystum could be applied as functional ingredients in food and pharmaceuticals.
