DSpace Collection:http://archive.cmb.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/70130/452024-03-07T05:21:16Z2024-03-07T05:21:16ZModelling and Forecasting of Population Changes in Jaffna District from 2000-2025Jayathunga, J.N.D.Karunarathne, M.http://archive.cmb.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/70130/73112024-03-06T05:35:30Z2021-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Modelling and Forecasting of Population Changes in Jaffna District from 2000-2025
Authors: Jayathunga, J.N.D.; Karunarathne, M.
Abstract: Human births, deaths, and migration are the main three demographic
components that can lead to population changes in any geographical area. Especially, deaths, migration patterns, the decline
of fertility levels, and non-demographic factors such as rapid economic and
social changes will impact changing or decreasing the population growth. However, political and civil issues and other spatial, cultural,
and ethnic-related barriers also can impact on population growth of a country
or a specific area. A large population in an area directly impacts the
resources available in that location. Especially it can be directed to enhance
the population density, infrastructure issues, and food consumption-related
issues, and so on. Especially when considering
small-scale regions, those tend to be more conservative and it can be
influenced to produce different life patterns as well as different social and
demographic patterns.
Jaffna district is a small peninsula belonging to Sri Lanka and it was badly
faced with thirty years of a civil war between the Sri Lankan government and
LTTE. These long-lasting social, civil, and political issues influenced rapid
population changes in the Jaffna district and tended to create a diverse
population pattern in the district within the war period and after the post-war
period. It can be assumed that these population patterns could create different
environmental, demographical, and socio-economic implications. Therefore,
the main objective of this study is to analyze changing spatial patterns of
population density and forecast future population growth in the Jaffna
district.2021-01-01T00:00:00ZUrban development pressure: Challenges in ensuing green cover in Unawatuna – Rumassala area, Sri LankaJayathunga, J.N.D.Dikwaththa, P.G.http://archive.cmb.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/70130/73102024-03-06T05:09:59Z2021-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Urban development pressure: Challenges in ensuing green cover in Unawatuna – Rumassala area, Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayathunga, J.N.D.; Dikwaththa, P.G.
Abstract: The continuous development of cities has created significant issues in the planning and management of
an area's environment and landscapes. This is due to the requirement for supported products such as housing,
business facilities, infrastructure networks, and environmental protection. Decades of uncontrolled
development have had a significant impact on both the natural environment and the quality of human life. The
goal of this study is to examine the change in green cover owing to development over the last few years and to
estimate the development pressure index to ensure green cover in the Unawatuna-Rumassala area. Defining
the development pressure to prioritise green cover in order to protect the Unawatuna-Rumassala region as an
ecotourism destination. Based on the model builder methodology in ArcGIS, this study presents an improved
way of analysing development pressure. The development pressure index focuses on finding areas that are
prone to significant development pressure. The development pressure was identified using the following
criteria: accessibility, population density, building density, and land use and land cover. In 2009 and 2016,
Landsat satellite images were utilised to analyse the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which
aids in identifying changes in green cover over time. The simulation findings demonstrate that NDVI levels
have changed dramatically between 2009 and 2016. On elevated and low topographic slopes where human
activity was prevalent, moderate NDVI values shifted to low NDVI values. Furthermore, development pressure
has concentrated in the Rumassala protection zone, having a significant impact on the area's ecosystem. The
increased development pressure in the studied area has also resulted in biodiversity deterioration.2021-01-01T00:00:00ZHuman-Elephant conflict with reference to Mahaweli system CJayathunga, J.N.D.http://archive.cmb.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/70130/73092024-03-06T05:06:55Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Human-Elephant conflict with reference to Mahaweli system C
Authors: Jayathunga, J.N.D.
Abstract: There is a strong cultural bond between
the Sri Lankan people and elephants
that dates back more than 5,000 years.
Domesticated elephants were used in religious
activities, transportation, construction and
even in warfare. Even though, there were
no records of any conflicts between humans
and wild elephants in the past, with the
implementation of the accelerated Mahaweli
project in 1978, human-elephant conflict (HEC)
in dry-zone of Sri Lanka became a major issue.
In Sri Lanka, the HEC can be demonstrated
to be a social problem because it possesses
nearly all the defining characteristics of a
social problem. Consequently, this conflict has
direct and indirect effects on society and the
environment. Both humans and elephants have
lost their freedom to live. From an ecological perspective, elephants are
considered to be a ‘keystone species’ in the
ecosystems they inhabit, as they maintain the
vegetation structure and biodiversity. They
also play a role as an ‘umbrella species’. Thus
conservation of elephants will automatically
ensure the conservation of other species that
co-exist in the same habitat. However, a review
of Sri Lanka’s recent past demonstrates that the
expanding human population and diminishing
forest cover provide a systematic threat to
the survival of elephants. Further, Sri Lankan
governments’ agrarian economic policies have
contributed significantly to the destruction of
elephant habitat and their ancient wilderness,
as well as the escalation of human-elephant
conflict.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZEvaluate Accessibility and Centrality of Road Network in The Mahaweli System C, Sri LankaJayathunga, J.N.D.http://archive.cmb.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/70130/73082024-03-05T08:39:17Z2019-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Evaluate Accessibility and Centrality of Road Network in The Mahaweli System C, Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayathunga, J.N.D.
Abstract: In the field of transport geography and planning, road accessibility analysis is one of the
important analysis. The evolution of transportation systems has currently led to changes in
urban form. Accessibility is the measure of the capacity of a location to be reached by, or to
reach different locations. Therefore, the capacity and the arrangement of transport
infrastructure are key elements in the determination of accessibility.Centrality refers the
most closeness and betweenness places in a road network and it helps to establish new
developments in that area.This study attempts to examinepotentials for expanding cities in
the area according to the road infrastructure facilities. The objective of the study is
identifying the level of accessibility and centrality of the Mahaweli C region. Data gathered
from the department of survey and to analyze, accessibility in this area,
geographic accessibility matrix and potential accessibility matrix. As well as to identify the
closeness and betweenness centrality of the region and road densities have been used
Spatial Design Network Analysis (SDNA) tool in QGIS and Kernel density analysis tool in
ArcGIS (10.3). The Mahaweli system C is a resettled area under the Mahaweli Development
Project. Basically, the hierarchical structure of the roads which are A, B, C and D class
roads. According to the results of connectivity of the area centers and townships, more
accessible places are Dehiattakandiya, Sandunpura, Girandurukotte, Mahawanawela and
Nawamedagama. Node Dehiattakandiya has more emissive than attractiveness (14377
versus 9622), while Node Siripura has more attractiveness than emissive (4202 versus
3559). When considering the closeness values and betweenness values, Girandurukotte,
Mahiyanganaya and Dihiattakandiya town centers are more accessible than other area centers.
According to the Kernel Density of the centrality of closeness, built-up landscape is shown
from the northern to the south area. According to the results, Girandurukotte area is the most
accessible and centralized place in the region. It has more potentials for the development
and more accessible place for people who are living in the Mahaweli System C area.2019-01-01T00:00:00Z